Nsogbu gburugburu ebe obibi kpatara mkpofu plastik na-ezighi ezi na-apụtawanye ìhè, ma bụrụkwa isiokwu na-ekpo ọkụ nke nchegbu zuru ụwa ọnụ. E jiri ya tụnyere plastik nkịtị, akụkụ kachasị ukwuu nke plastik biodegradable bụ na enwere ike imebi ha ngwa ngwa ka ọ bụrụ mmiri na-adịghị emerụ gburugburu ebe obibi na carbon dioxide n'okpuru ọnọdụ gburugburu ebe obibi ma ọ bụ ọnọdụ composting, a pụkwara iji ya mee ihe dị ka ihe ndochi plastik maka ndị na-adịghị emezigharị na mmetọ na-adịkarị mfe. ngwaahịa, nke dị oke mkpa iji melite gburugburu ebe obibi na imeziwanye ndụ ndụ.
Ka ọ dị ugbu a, a na-ebipụta ma ọ bụ kpọọ ọtụtụ ngwaahịa ndị dị n'ahịa na "Degradable", "Biodegradable", na taa, anyị ga-ewere gị ka ị ghọta akara na asambodo nke plastik biodegradable.
Composting ụlọ ọrụ
1.Japan BioPlastics Association
Onye bụbu Biodegradable Plastics Society, Japan (BPS) agbanweela aha Japan BioPlastics Association (JBPA) na 15th nke June 2007. Japan BioPlastics Association (JBPA) e hiwere na 1989 Japan dị ka aha Biodegradable Plastics Society, Japan (BPS). Kemgbe ahụ, yana ihe karịrị ụlọ ọrụ ndị otu 200, JBPA na-eme ọtụtụ mgbalị iji kwalite nkwado na mmepe azụmahịa nke "Biodegradable Plastics" na "Plastics dabeere na Biomass" na Japan. JBPA na-ejigide nkwado ndabere na mpaghara US (BPI), EU (European Bioplastics), China (BMG) na Korea ma na-aga n'ihu na mkparịta ụka ya na ha banyere ihe dị iche iche teknụzụ, dị ka usoro nyocha iji nyochaa biodegradability, nkọwapụta ngwaahịa, njirimara. na labeling system etc. Anyị chere na nkwurịta okwu chiri anya n'ime mpaghara Eshia kachasị mkpa karịsịa jikọtara ya na ọrụ mmepe ngwa ngwa na mpaghara ndị a.
2.Biodegradable Product Institute
BPI bụ ikike na-eduga na ngwaahịa na nkwakọ ngwaahịa compostable na North America. Ngwaahịa niile nke BPI gbaara agbaziri na-emezu ụkpụrụ ASTM maka ịdị nhịahụ, dabere na njirisi ntozu n'akụkụ njikọ nke mkpofu nri na mbelata yard, na-ezute oke maka mkpokọta fluorine (PFAS), ma ga-egosipụta akara nzere BPI. Mmemme asambodo BPI na-arụ ọrụ na njikọ agụmakwụkwọ na mbọ nkwado ndị e mere iji nyere aka mee ka ihe mkpofu nri na ihe ndị ọzọ dị n'ime ala ghara ịdị.
A haziri BPI dị ka otu ndị otu anaghị akwụ ụgwọ, ndị Board of Directors na-achị ya, ndị ọrụ raara onwe ha nye na-arụkwa ọrụ na ụlọ ọrụ ụlọ n'ofe United States.
3.Deutsches Institut für Normung
DIN bụ ikike nhazi ọkwa nke Gọọmenti Federal German ghọtara ma na-anọchite anya Germany na ndị na-abụghị ndị gọọmentị mpaghara na mba ụwa na-emepụta ma na-ebipụta ụkpụrụ German na nsonaazụ nhazi ndị ọzọ ma kwalite ngwa ha. Ụkpụrụ ndị DIN mepụtara na-ekpuchi ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ mpaghara ọ bụla dị ka injinia ihe owuwu, Ngwuputa ihe, metallurgy, ụlọ ọrụ kemịkalụ, injinịa eletriki, teknụzụ nchekwa, nchekwa gburugburu ebe obibi, ahụike, nchekwa ọkụ, ụgbọ njem, nlekọta ụlọ na ihe ndị ọzọ. Ka ọ na-erule njedebe nke 1998, ewepụtara ma wepụta ụkpụrụ 25,000, na-emepụta ihe dịka ụkpụrụ 1,500 kwa afọ. Ihe karịrị 80% n'ime ha bụ ndị mba Europe nabatara.
DIN sonyeere International Organisation for Standardization na 1951. German Electrotechnical Commission (DKE), nke DIN na German Institute of Electrical Engineers (VDE) jikọrọ aka, na-anọchite anya Germany na International Electrotechnical Commission. DIN bụkwa kọmitii European maka Standardization na European Electric Standard.
4.European Bioplastics
Deutsches Institut für Normung (DIN) na European Bioplastics (EUBP) ewepụtala atụmatụ asambodo maka ihe ndị nwere ike imebi ndụ, nke a na-akpọkarị asambodo akara Seedling. Asambodo a dabere na ụkpụrụ EN 13432 na ASTM D6400 maka akụrụngwa dịka akụrụngwa, mgbakwunye na etiti site na ndebanye aha nyocha, yana ngwaahịa site na asambodo. Akụrụngwa na ngwaahịa ndị edebanyere aha na asambodo nwere ike ịnweta akara asambodo.
5.The Australasia Bioplastics Association
A raara ABA n'ịkwalite plastik ndị nwere ike imeghari ma dabere na akụrụngwa enwere ike imeghari.
ABA na-ahụ maka atụmatụ nkwenye afọ ofufo, maka ụlọ ọrụ ma ọ bụ ndị mmadụ n'otu n'otu na-achọ ịnweta nkwupụta ha nke nnabata na Australian Standard 4736-2006, plastik biodegradable - "Plastics biodegradable adabara maka composting na ọgwụgwọ microbial ndị ọzọ" (Australian Standard AS 4736-2006) kwadoro. .
ABA ewepụtala atụmatụ nkwenye ya maka ụlọ ọrụ na-achọ ịchọpụta nnabata na Home Composting Australian Standard, AS 5810-2010, “plastic biodegradable dabara maka ịkwakọta ụlọ” (Australian Standard AS 5810-2010).
Òtù ahụ na-arụ ọrụ dị ka ebe nkwurịta okwu maka mgbasa ozi, gọọmentị, òtù gburugburu ebe obibi na ọha na eze, n'ihe metụtara bioplastics.
INDUSTRIAL OK Compost dabara maka ngwaahịa ndị nwere ike imebi ihe a na-eji na gburugburu ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe dị ka nnukwu ebe ịkwa nri. Akara a chọrọ ka ngwaahịa rebie opekata mpe 90 n'ime izu iri na abụọ n'okpuru ọnọdụ composting ụlọ ọrụ.
Ekwesiri iburu n'uche na n'agbanyeghi na OK Compost HOME na OK Compost Industrial marks ha abuo na-egosi na ngwaahịa a nwere ike imebi ihe, uzo ha nwere na ngwa ha choro di iche iche, n'ihi ya, ngwaahịa a kwesiri ịhọrọ akara nke na-ezute ihe omuma ihe n'ezie na mkpa maka asambodo. . Na mgbakwunye, ọ bara uru ịkọwa na akara abụọ a bụ naanị asambodo nke arụmọrụ biodegradable nke ngwaahịa ahụ n'onwe ya, na anaghị anọchi anya mmetọ nke mmetọ ma ọ bụ arụmọrụ gburugburu ebe obibi ndị ọzọ nke ngwaahịa ahụ, yabụ ọ dịkwa mkpa ịtụle mkpokọta gburugburu ebe obibi. mmetụta nke ngwaahịa na ezi uche ọgwụgwọ.
Composting ụlọ
1.TUV AUSTRIA OK Compost
Ụlọ OK Compost dị mma maka ngwaahịa ndị nwere ike imebi ihe eji eme ihe na gburugburu ebe obibi, dị ka ihe mkpofu, akpa mkpofu, wdg. Akara ahụ chọrọ ka ngwaahịa rebie ma ọ dịkarịa ala pasent 90 n'ime ọnwa isii n'okpuru ọnọdụ nhazi ụlọ.
2.Australasian Bioplastics Association
Ọ bụrụ na a na-akpọ plastik n'ụlọ Compostable, mgbe ahụ ọ nwere ike ịbanye n'ime ụlọ compost ụlọ.
Ngwaahịa, akpa na nkwakọ ngwaahịa kwekọrọ na Home Composting Australian Standard AS 5810-2010 nke Australian Bioplastics Association kwadoro ya nwere ike iji akara ABA Home Composting kwadoro.Ọkọlọtọ Australia AS 5810-2010 na-ekpuchi ụlọ ọrụ na ndị mmadụ n'otu n'otu na-achọ ịnwapụta nzọrọ ha kwekọrọ na Plastics Biodegradable dabara adaba maka ịkwakọ ngwaahịa ụlọ.
Akara mkpuchi ụlọ na-achọpụta na ngwaahịa na ihe ndị a na-adị mfe nghọta na mkpofu nri ma ọ bụ ihe mkpofu organic dị na ngwaahịa ndị a agbaara agba, enwere ike ikewapụ ya na ebe a na-ekpofu ahịhịa.
3.Deutsches Institut für Normung
Ndabere nke ule DIN bụ ọkọlọtọ NF T51-800 "Plastics - Nkọwa maka plastik compostable n'ụlọ". Ọ bụrụ na ngwaahịa ahụ gafere ule ndị dị mkpa, ndị mmadụ nwere ike iji akara "DIN Tested - Garden Compostable" na ngwaahịa ndị dị mkpa yana na nkwukọrịta ụlọ ọrụ gị. Mgbe ị na-agba akaebe maka ahịa na Australia na New Zealand (Australasia) dịka ọkọlọtọ AS 5810 si dị. , DIN CERTCO na-akwado Australasian Bioplastics Association (ABA) na usoro ntinye akwụkwọ n'ebe ahụ. Maka ahịa Britain, DIN na-akwado Renewable Energy Assurance Limited (REAL) na usoro ntinye akwụkwọ n'ebe ahụ dị ka NF T 51-800 na AS 5810.
N'elu bụ mmalite mmalite nke akara asambodo biodegradation ọ bụla.
Ọ bụrụ na enwere nsogbu, biko kpọtụrụ anyị.
Feel free to discuss with William: williamchan@yitolibrary.com
Nkwakọ ngwaahịa biodegradable – HuiZhou YITO Packaging Co., Ltd.
Oge nzipu: Nov-28-2023